China is one of several ancient civilizations in the world and has made great contributions to the progress and development of human society. The achievements made in ceramic technology and art have special significance. In China, the generation of pottery art dates back to the era before 4500 to 2500 years of age before, so to speak, is an important component part of the history of Chinese ceramics history, the Chinese achievements in science and technology as well as to the pursuit of beauty and shape, are made by ceramic to reflect in many respects, and forming technology and art characteristics of each era is very typical.
China had been able to produce quite a fine porcelain for more than a thousand years before Europe mastered porcelain technology. In the history of Chinese ceramics, the term "ceramics" is generally divided into two categories: ceramics and porcelain. Clay and porcelain products that usually do not have dense sintering of the body, whether colored or white, are called earthenware. Among them, the burning temperature is higher, the better sintering degree is called "hard pottery", and the glaze is called "glazed pottery". Comparatively, it is known as "China" for clay or porcelain products that have been sintered with high temperature and sintered with high quality. For the development of traditional Chinese ceramics, experienced a very long historical period, different kinds, special technology, so, the categorization of traditional Chinese ceramic, besides considering technically hard Numbers also need comprehensive consideration has the habit of traditional classification method, combining with the change of ancient and modern science and technology knowledge, can more effectively classified conclusions.
The relationship between pottery and porcelain is inseparable. Part when mixed with kaolin (or natural glaze feldspar, quartz, lime, etc) and the other containing copper oxide, iron oxide, oxide and lead natural color ingredients such as raw materials in the sintering process, pottery, ten percent in pottery surface formed naturally thin glaze (Japan letter joy which pottery types of three-color first appear that way.) In the history of China, the porcelain of China before the Ming dynasty was made of plain porcelain (no decorative pattern, with the purity of color of color as the standard of porcelain). After the Ming dynasty, painted porcelain was the main popular porcelain. Another porcelain maker, Japan and the tea ceremony culture, also developed its unique tea wares.
The earliest porcelain in accordance with the color classification, celadon, black porcelain, white porcelain porcelain of three common color Painted porcelain and other color porcelain in the famous are: tang (tang sancai not porcelain, ceramic is low temperature lead), letter to burn, blue and white porcelain, etc In accordance with the porcelain production site has a different classification. Such as the kiln (the secret color porcelain), China zhejiang Jiang Xichang south, hebei province, China and Japan in the 10th century after turning the shoulder development characteristic of China: nearly jiang, koga letter to burn (shigarakiyaki), Nagasaki has field (aritayaki), okayama prefecture for the former (bizenyaki) and so on. In addition, Europe has been making porcelain since the 18th century. Today, Britain, France, Russia, Germany and other places, especially the UK, have established a number of premium porcelain brands.
